What is Hip Reconstruction?
Hip reconstruction is a surgery to repair or replace a damaged hip joint that causes pain and limits your movement.
Anatomy of the Hip Joint
The hip is a ball-and-socket joint; the ball is formed by the head of the humerus (thighbone) and the socket by the pelvic bones. The joint is covered by ligaments that form a capsule around it. Tendons attached to muscles in the pelvis, thighs, and buttocks help move the hip joint.
When is Hip Reconstruction Indicated?
Hip reconstruction is recommended when the hip is painful and cannot function properly. This may be due to:
Arthritis: Wearing of cartilage lining the joint
Injury: Trauma or overuse
Osteonecrosis: Bone damage due to a poor blood supply
Damage to the hip joint can cause a fracture to the bones involved in the joint, i.e. the femur and the pelvic bones. Hip reconstruction is recommended to repair these fractures and stabilize the hip joint.
A hip reconstruction may be necessary for fractures due to:
- Motor vehicle accidents
- Hard falls
- Osteoporosis (bone weakness), which increases with age and may be caused by simple stresses such as running or twisting
What are the Procedures involved in Hip Reconstruction?
The procedures performed in hip reconstruction include:
Osteotomy
A surgical procedure that involves cutting and reshaping a bone. The hip socket may be reshaped to better accommodate the head of the femur or thighbone. This reduces pain, improves movement and prevents injury at the hip joint.
Hip Replacement
Hip replacement surgery involves replacing the damaged or diseased parts of the hip joint with an implant(s). A total or partial hip replacement may be performed where all the parts of the joint or only one of the bones damaged are replaced, respectively.
Hip Resurfacing
Hip resurfacing is an alternative to a total hip replacement surgery, where both the ball and socket of the hip joint are completely removed and replaced with plastic, metal or ceramic prosthetics.
Hip Arthroscopy
Hip arthroscopy also referred to as keyhole surgery or minimally invasive surgery, is performed through very small incisions to evaluate and treat various hip conditions. It is performed using a tube-like instrument called an arthroscope and small surgical instruments.
How will your Doctor Decide on the Right Procedure for Hip Reconstruction?
Your doctor will decide on the appropriate treatment for you after evaluating your condition and the specific anatomy of your hip.
What can you Expect After Hip Reconstruction?
Following the procedure, you will receive medication for pain and will undergo physical therapy to improve strength, movement, and balance. Your doctor will monitor your progress to ensure successful rehabilitation.